I recently wrote about how our current generation of technical achievements is critically dependent on just one company in Taiwan. TSMC is the only chip company in the world that is capable of making the most advanced chips that drive our latest smartphones and data centre servers. Without them, we might need to wait another five years for AI or 6G to progress, and Apple would probably be unable to make anything more recent than an iPhone 12.
It’s an example of how so much of what we rely on is bottlenecked by a single company. In this case, it’s also a single country, as it’s proving difficult to replicate TSMC’s engineering experience outside Taiwan, despite hundreds of billions of dollars being thrown at the problem. These bottlenecks aren’t uncommon. They may be due to a company that make a component, a company that makes the tools to manufacture that component, or even the raw materials. If any part of this chain is disrupted, things will start to fall apart.
We saw some elements of this during Covid, but those were mostly supply chain issues, where things were in the wrong place. Manufacture didn’t stop; shipping became difficult and some industries failed to plan for the resulting extended lead-times. But what if, at some point in the future, manufacturing did stop?





